TRENDS OF CRITICAL PHILOSOPHY IN CLASSICAL RATIONALISM OF THE XVIII-XX CENTURIES
Yurovitskaya Larisa Nikolaevna, Yurovitskii Stanislav Vital'evich
Samara State Technical University
Samara State Academy for Gifted Children (Nayanova)
Submitted: 10.11.2019
Abstract. The article considers formation of the notion "critical thinking", analyses conceptions of the key figures of critical philosophy I. Kant, A. Schopenhauer, N. Hartmann. The paper shows gnoseological nature of Kant’s criticism, reveals ontological essence of A. Schopenhauer’s conceptions and examines N. Hartmann’s critical ontology. The conclusion is made that critical philosophy acquires ontognoseological nature due to synthesis of two approaches: ontological and gnoseological ones. Prospects for developing a priori topology of critical states are identified.
Key words and phrases: онтология, гносеология, онтогносеология, кризис, критическое мышление, критическое состояние, закон достаточного основания, ontology, gnoseology, ontognoseology, crisis, critical thinking, critical state, principle of sufficient reason
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