Phonetic assimilation of Russian borrowed words in the Tajik language: Diachronic aspect
Povalko Polina Yurievna, Ibragimova Rukhshonakhon Nasrullodzhonovna
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba
Submitted: 01.09.2024
Abstract. The aim of the study is to identify the potential phonetic changes of Russianisms included in the substandard of the Tajik language. The article examines phonetic changes (replacements and transitions of vowels and consonants, permutations, insertions of missing sounds, prosthetic and epenthetic phenomena, etc.) of Russian words included in the substandard of the Tajik language at different stages of its development, and determines phonetic transformations of Russianisms characteristic of certain historical periods. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that for the first time a comparative study of Russian borrowings in diachronic aspect was conducted, i.e., phonetic and graphic adaptation of Russianisms in different periods of their entry into the Tajik language was considered. Periodization of the process of lexical borrowing gives an opportunity to consider the nature of sound changes in the phonetic system of the Tajik language in different historical periods. The comparative analysis of Russian borrowings in diachrony covers three historical periods: 1) the late 19th and early 20th cc. – the pre-revolutionary period; 2) 1920s-1990s – the Soviet period; 3) 1990s and up to the present time – the post-Soviet period. As a result of the study, it was found that over a short period of time, Russian lexical borrowings have undergone qualitative and quantitative changes in the phonetic form in Tajik, which is a characteristic feature of such phenomena in the host language. Comparative analysis has shown that Russianisms on the territory of Tajikistan have undergone various adaptations depending on the region, since a single phonetic norm of the Tajik language has not been formed.
Key words and phrases: фонетическая адаптация русизмов, субстандарт таджикского языка, социолект, звукобуквенная замена, протеза, эпентеза, апокопа, phonetic adaptation of Russianisms, substandard of the Tajik language, sociolect, sound-letter substitution, prosthesis, epenthesis, apocope
Open the whole article in PDF format. Free PDF-files viewer can be downloaded .
References:
Boduen de Kurtene I. A. Ob otnoshenii russkogo pis'ma k russkomu yazyku. SPb., 1912.
Bulanin L. L. Fonetika sovremennogo russkogo yazyka. M.: Vysshaya shkola, 1970.
Vinogradov V. V. Problemy literaturnykh yazykov i zakonomernostei ikh obrazovaniya i razvitiya. M.: Nauka, 1967.
Zharkova U. A. Izmenenie zvukovoi obolochki slova kak faktor lingvisticheskoi identichnosti (na materiale nemetskogo i russkogo yazykov) // Filologicheskie nauki. Voprosy teorii i praktiki. 2021. T. 14. Vyp. 3.
Kalinin A. V. Leksika russkogo yazyka: uchebnoe posobie. M.: Izd-vo Moskovskogo universiteta, 1978.
Nemenova R. L. Osobennosti foneticheskogo preobrazovaniya zaimstvovannykh iz russkogo yazyka slov v tadzhikskikh yuzhnykh govorakh // Zabonshinosii toҷik. Dushanbe: Donish, 1980.
Pobid'ko Z. V. Yavlenie metatezy v sisteme leksiko-foneticheskoi variantnosti slova: avtoref. diss. … k. filol. n. Velikii Novgorod, 2005.
Rastorgueva V. S. Kratkii ocherk grammatiki tadzhikskogo yazyka // Tadzhiksko-russkii slovar' / pod red. M. V. Rakhimi i L. V. Uspenskoi; gl. red. chlen-korr. AN SSSR E. E. Bertel's. M.: Gosizdat inostrannykh i natsional'nykh slovarei, 1954.
Rastorgueva V. S. Kratkii ocherk fonetiki tadzhikskogo yazyka: uchebnoe posobie dlya filologicheskikh fakul'tetov tadzhikskikh vuzov. Stalinabad: Izd-vo Akademii nauk Tadzhikskoi SSR, 1955.
Smirnova M. S. Osnovnye tendentsii foneticheskoi assimilyatsii russkikh zaimstvovanii v angliiskom yazyke (eksperimental'no-foneticheskoe issledovanie na materiale britanskogo varianta angliiskogo yazyka): avtoref. diss. … k. filol. n. N. Novgorod, 2014.
Sobirova F. A. Osvoenie russko-internatsional'noi leksiki sovremennym tadzhikskim literaturnym yazykom: diss. … k. filol. n. Dushanbe, 2016.
Khaskashev T. N. Fonetikai zaboni adabii toҷik: kitobi darsii donishҷӯeni maktabҳoi olӣ (Fonetika tadzhikskogo literaturnogo yazyka: uchebnik dlya studentov vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii). Dushanbe: Maorif, 1989.
Khidirov R. G. Leksicheskie izmeneniya tadzhikskogo i uzbekskogo yazykov kontsa XX – nachala XXI vekov: avtoref. diss. … k. filol. n. Khudzhand, 2009.
Ҳikmatulloeva N. A. Robitaҳoi duҷonibai zabonҳoi toҷikivu anglisӣ (dar satҳi leksika) (Dvukhstoronnie svyazi tadzhikskogo i angliiskogo yazykov (na urovne leksiki)): diss. … k. filol. n. Khudzhand, 2020.
Shcherba L. V. Izbrannye raboty po russkomu yazyku. M.: Uchpedgiz, 1957.
Русский
