Female Beauty Formulas (by the Material of the Even and the Yakut Epic Tradition)
Danilova Anna Nikolaevna, Pavlova Nadezhda Vasilyevna, Petrova Valentina Alekseevna
Institute of Humanitarian Studies and Problems of Small Peoples of the North SB RAS
Submitted: 12.07.2022
Abstract. The purpose of the research is to systematise and characterise the categories of attributive and figurative female beauty formulas in epic texts of the Evens and the Yakuts. The paper considers the formula of female characters’ beauty in the Even and the Yakut epic heritage in a comparative aspect. The authors studied eight categories of attributive female beauty formulas and one category of a figurative formula (the comparison formula). The functional features of figurative means in these categories were characterised. The work is novel in that it is the first to identify the main functions of figurative means of the category of the female beauty formula in Even and Yakut epic texts. This issue has not yet been the object of special study in Siberian folkloristics. The main research findings are as follows: 1) the “«body’s own» light emission” category of the attributive beauty formula is present in all epic genres of Even and Yakut folklore; 2) the “celestial bodies as «body parts»” category is found only in the Even epic; 3) the largest number of categories (7) are found in the Even epic; 4) in addition to the main categories identified by scholars, the authors also considered two more categories emphasising female beauty (“long braid” and “name of a female character”); 5) the research shows that there are no female beauty formulas in Even and Yakut fairy tales about animals. As the material under study has demonstrated, the identified categories of the female beauty formula are presented in a peculiar way in all the epic traditions of the Evens and the Yakuts. There are figurative means (epithet, simile, parallelism, hyperbole) found in all the studied epic genres. Their functional role in the text is to emphasise, enhance, colourfully embellish the image of an epic beauty.
Key words and phrases: эвенский нимкан, якутский эпос олонхо, сказки, категории формулы женской красоты, Even Nimkan, Yakut epic Olonkho, fairy tales, categories of the female beauty formula
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