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Abstract. The article is devoted to differences of speech perception in the languages ??of synthetic and analytical structure. The languages ??of synthetic structure (Latin, Russian, German) are characterized by the indissoluble connection of several morphemes (lexical, inflectional, derivational), as well as the expression of grammatical relationships within a single word form. In listening of the speech in the languages of this structure we perceive successively one word form after another without the help of auxiliary words, word order and suprasegmental elements. For the languages ??of analytical structure (English, French) in case of the morphological invariability of words grammatical meaning is expressed by functional words, word order or interrelationship of the word with other words in a sentence. In this case, in listening we perceive the word as a part of the rhythmic group, equal to the phonetic word, which can combine several words and has one stress. This difference in the presentation of words to the recipient determines different mechanisms of speech perception in listening.

Key words and phrases: восприятие речи, звук, избирательность, произношение, словесное ударение, фонема, speech perception, sound, selectivity, pronunciation, word stress, phoneme