Human and whole human in the philosophical anthropology of Max Scheler
Burkhanov Rafael Ayratovich, Nikulina Olga Vyacheslavovna
Surgut State University
Submitted: 01.08.2024
Abstract. The work aims to analyze the concepts of “human” and “whole human”, the logic of their explication in the teachings of Max Scheler. The article examines phenomenology, axiology, sociology of knowledge and the concept of education as components of Scheler’s philosophical anthropology. Particular attention is paid to the doctrine of types of knowledge. The philosophical and educational ideal is explored in absolute and relative senses. Scientific novelty is associated with the substantiation of the ideal of the “human” as a comprehensively and spiritually developed personality. As a result, it was found that, in absolute terms, the “whole human” represents the “guiding idea” of a person, in the diversity of social connections and relationships and in the course of history developing all his essential abilities. In relative terms, this ideal is contained in the concept of a “well-formed person”, who strives for self-improvement and can be realized in specific life situations and socio-historical conditions.
Key words and phrases: Макс Шелер, человек, всечеловек, феноменология, аксиология, социология знания, философская антропология, Max Scheler, human, whole human, phenomenology, axiology, sociology of knowledge, philosophical anthropology
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