Dutch Influence in Forming Traditions of the Polish Court Portrait. Crypto Portrait
Moon Elizaveta Alexandrovna
St. Petersburg Academy of Arts named after Ilya Repin
Submitted: 17.10.2021
Abstract. The aim of the study is to consider the Dutch influence on the formation of the Polish court portrait traditions, as well as such a phenomenon as a crypto portrait. The scientific originality lies in the fact that at the moment there is an extremely limited number of studies devoted to the phenomenon of crypto portraits in altar donor images, as well as studies devoted to the investigation of the role and functions of the costume in religious art. As a result of this study, it has been revealed that in church painting and images of the Polish rulers, the "disguised portrait" ("identification portrait") occupied a special place, at the same time the "disguised portrait" was of particular importance in religious painting of the Netherlands. It has also been revealed that in church painting, the manner of depicting rulers was mainly determined by aspirations of the rulers themselves, despite calls of the church. An important conclusion obtained is that in the 16th-17th centuries, self-portraits of artists, who disguised themselves as participants in group images of historic events, became widespread. At the same time, an artist performed the function of the intermediary between the viewer and what was happening in the picture.
Key words and phrases: портрет, религиозное искусство, искусствоведение, католическая живопись, автопортрет, portrait, religious art, art criticism, Catholic painting, self-portrait
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