Russia’s Place within the Dichotomy "West - East" and Its Historical Mission in N. F. Fyodorov’s Philosophy
Fakhrudinova Elmira Restemovna, Suvorov Valery Vladimirovich
Saratov State Medical University named after V. I. Razumovsky
Submitted: 29.08.2020
Abstract. The article reveals the outstanding Russian philosopher N. F. Fyodorov’s views on the following issues: Russia’s historical mission, its place within the dichotomy "West - East" and the central authorities’ role in strengthening the Russian statehood. The paper shows that the thinker considered Russia, which, to his opinion, was neither West nor East, as a reconciler of the opposites. In this context, adopting the geopolitical conception of "continental" and "oceanic" worlds, Fyodorov emphasized importance of the railway construction process that unfolded in Russia at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries and was aimed to connect western and eastern areas of the country. Scientific originality of the study involves analysing N. F. Fyodorov’s geopolitical and civilizational conceptions. The research findings are as follows: the authors show that despite antagonism between West and East, N. F. Fyodorov considered their rapprochement through mediation of Russia, which was chosen for this mission due to its cultural, socio-political, geographical and infrastructural peculiarities. Highly appreciating autocracy role in the Russian history and having generally positive perception of Nicholas’s II activity, N. F. Fyodorov proposed his own railway construction projects criticizing the state-run ones.
Key words and phrases: Н. Ф. Федоров, Россия, Восток, Запад, имперская власть, железнодорожное строительство, N. F. Fyodorov, Russia, East, West, imperial power, railway construction
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