Bread Crisis and Grain Monopoly in the Transbaikal Region (March-October 1917)
Tumurkhonova Nina Vasilyevna
The Buryat State Academy of Agriculture
Submitted: 09.09.2020
Abstract. The research objectives are as follows: to identify specificity of organizing bread supplies to the Transbaikal region, to reveal the factors that provoked bread crisis in the region in March-October 1917. The paper analyses the Act of the Provisional Government "On Transfer of Grain in the Custody of the State", considers peculiarities of grain policy realization in the Transbaikal region and highlights the factors that provoked disruption of bread supplies. Scientific originality of the study is conditioned by the fact that the researcher introduces previously 7 historical sources describing the food situation in the Transbaikal region during the First World War into scientific circulation. The research findings are as follows: the author shows that the measures taken by the Provisional Government and the local food bodies to overcome bread crisis (grain monopoly, statutory purchasing prices, liquidation of bread stores, food rationing system and regional embargo on grain export) turned out to be inefficient. By autumn 1917, bread supplies to the Transbaikal region had sharply decreased.
Key words and phrases: хлебная монополия, дефицит хлеба, Временное правительство, продовольственная политика, Забайкалье, grain monopoly, bread shortage, Provisional Government, food policy, Transbaikal region
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