"ACTION IS A RIGHT OF THE STATE, OPINION IS A RIGHT OF THE COUNTRY": ASSESSMENT OF THE SITUATION IN THE COUNTRY ON THE EVE OF THE GREAT REFORMS OF THE 1860-1870S BY THE RUSSIAN PUBLIC REPRESENTATIVES
Zav’yalova Oksana Olegovna
Southern Federal University
Submitted: 07.12.2018
Abstract. The article discusses the assessment of the socio-political situation in Russia given by the representatives of the Russian educated society in the second half of the 1850s. The author highlights the main factors and causes that led to the "political revival" of the public and its desire to point out the main problems of the internal political development of Russia that had been accumulated in the previous period and contributed to the country’s defeat in the Crimean War (1853-1856). It is concluded that the views of the Russian educated society representatives of different ideological movements on the domestic political situation in Russia had a significant impact on the development of the general concept and main directions of modernization under the reign of Alexander II and created a favourable socio-cultural context for transformation.
Key words and phrases: Российская империя, Александр II, Крымская война, общественность, гласность, модернизация, The Russian Empire, Alexander II, The Crimean War, the public, publicity, modernization
Open the whole article in PDF format. Free PDF-files viewer can be downloaded .
References:
Aksakov I. S. Pis'ma k rodnym (1849-1856). M.: Nauka, 1994. 653 s.
Aksakova B. C. Dnevnik: 1855 god [Elektronnyi resurs]. URL: http://dugward.ru/library/aksakovy/vaksakova_1855.html (data obrashcheniya: 02.12.2018).
Basargin N. V. Vospominaniya, rasskazy, stat'i. Irkutsk: Vostochno-Sibirskoe knizhnoe izdatel'stvo, 1988. 544 s.
Valuev P. A. Duma russkogo (vo vtoroi polovine 1855 goda) // Russkaya starina. 1893. T. LXXIX. Vyp. 9. S. 503-514.
Vyazemskii P. A. Staraya zapisnaya knizhka. Ch. III. Kn. 19 (1854) [Elektronnyi resurs]. URL: http://dugward.ru/ library/vyazemskiy/vyazemskiy_staraya_zapisnaya_knijka3.html#a019 (data obrashcheniya: 02.12.2018).
Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Rossiiskoi Federatsii (GARF). F. 109. Op. 3a.
GARF. F. 722. Op. 1.
Iz Peterburga (pis'mo k izdatelyu) // Kolokol. 1857. Avgust. S. 14-15.
Kamenskii D. Ob izmenenii sushchestvuyushchei sistemy snabzheniya voisk veshchami // Russkii Vestnik. 1859. T. 20. S. 509-546.
Lamanskii E. I. Iz vospominanii Evgeniya Ivanovicha Lamanskogo // Russkaya starina. 1915. T. CLXI. Vyp. 3. S. 576-589.
Medushevskii A. N. Klyuchevye problemy rossiiskoi modernizatsii: kurs lektsii. M.: Direkt-Media, 2014. 680 s.
Meshcherskii V. P. Vospominaniya. M.: Zakharov, 2001. 686 s.
Mironov B. N. Sotsial'naya istoriya Rossii perioda imperii (XVIII - nachalo XX v.): genezis lichnosti, demokraticheskoi sem'i, grazhdanskogo obshchestva i pravovogo gosudarstva: v 2-kh t. SPb.: Dmitrii Bulanin, 1999. T. 2. 566 s.
Obolenskii D. A. Zapiski knyazya Dmitriya Aleksandrovicha Obolenskogo. SPb.: Izd-vo Sankt-Peterburgskogo instituta istorii RAN "Nestor-Istoriya", 2005. 504 s.
Obolenskii D. A. Moi vospominaniya o Velikoi Knyagine Elene Pavlovne // Russkaya starina. 1909. T. CXXXVII. Vyp. 3. S. 504-528.
Pogodin M. P. Istoriko-politicheskie pis'ma i zapiski v prodolzhenie Krymskoi voiny. 1853-1856. M.: Tip. V. M. Frish, 1874. 390 s.
Russkoe obshchestvo 40-50-kh godov XIX v.: v 2-kh kn. / sost. S. Chernov. M.: Izd-vo MGU, 1991. Ch. II. Vospominaniya B. N. Chicherina. 254 s.
Samarin Yu. F. Chemu dolzhny my nauchit'sya? // Pravoslavie i narodnost' / otv. red. O. Platonov. M.: Institut russkoi tsivilizatsii, 2008. S. 286-313.
Sayunov I. O. Krym v stikhotvoreniyakh A. N. Yakhontova // Vestnik Pskovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya "Sotsial'no-gumanitarnye nauki". 2015. Vyp. 1. S. 292-297.
Khomyakov A. S. O starom i novom [Elektronnyi resurs]. URL: http://dugward.ru/library/nikolay1/homjakov_star_nov.html (data obrashcheniya: 02.12.2018).
Chernukha V. G. Epokha "velikikh reform" - shag na puti ot politseiskogo k pravovomu gosudarstvu // Grazhdanogenez v Rossii / pod obshch. red. V. D. Mekhedova, V. F. Blokhina. Bryansk: Bryanskii gos. un-t im. akad. I. G. Petrovskogo; Kursiv, 2009. Kn. 1. S. 65-75.
Shelgunov N. V. Iz proshlogo i nastoyashchego // Shturmany budushchei buri: Vospominaniya uchastnikov revolyutsionnogo dvizheniya 1860-kh godov v Peterburge / sost. A. N. Tsamutali. L.: Lenizdat, 1983. S. 35-139.
Krot M. N., Zavyalova O. O. Reflection in Russian public opinion accession to the throne of Emperor Alexander II // Bylye Gody. 2016. Vol. 39. Iss. 1. P. 129-136.
Русский
