Abstract. The article is devoted to the philosophical comprehension of the place of the category "matter" in ontology. The interconnection of the categories of existence, matter and thinking is analyzed, and a praxeological model of their integration is suggested. Also the thesis about the invalidation of the formal-logical identification of matter and existence is substantiated, as these notions make up contradiction formally. It is suggested specifying the content of the term "the unconscious" and establishing the role of unconscious thinking in the formation of actual existence as a medium between matter and its comprehension.
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Key words and phrases: сущее, бытие, небытие, бессознательное, мышление, истина, matter, existence, non-existence, the unconscious, thinking, truth
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