Contextual euphemisms as a linguistic means of manipulative influence in texts of characteristics (based on the material of the German language)
Petryanina Olga Valeryevna, Revina Elena Vladimirovna
Samara State Economic University
Samara State Technical University
Submitted: 20.04.2024
Abstract. The article is devoted to the study of euphemistic units, with the help of which the expression of a positive assessment in the texts of German characteristics from a previous job is achieved. The purpose of our study is to identify the euphemistic nature of individual words and phrases functioning in these texts, as well as the reasons for the appearance of a veiled nomination necessary for the formation of a hidden assessment of the utterance. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time words and expressions found in characteristics are considered in terms of their use to create a euphemistic effect and improve the formal evaluative orientation of the message. This approach makes it possible to expand the understanding of euphemization as a linguistic method of manipulative influence on the recipient. As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that, first of all, contextually conditioned euphemisms are used in the analyzed documents. These language tools, nominating the professional, business and personal qualities of a subordinate, are characterized mainly by ameliorative or neutral evaluation, which contributes to improving the professional image of an employee. To derive an implicit assessment in the semantic structure of lexical units, it is necessary to involve the cognitive context behind them, taking into account all the pragmatic parameters of the communicative situation.
Key words and phrases: контекстуальные эвфемизмы, оценочная направленность сообщения, имплицитная оценка, манипулятивное воздействие, характеристика с места работы, contextual euphemisms, evaluativeness, implicit assessment, manipulative influence, characteristics from the workplace
Open the whole article in PDF format. Free PDF-files viewer can be downloaded .
References:
Batalov A. A., Anikina A. V. Osobennosti vyrazheniya implitsitnoi otsenki v publitsisticheskom tekste na primere zhurnala “Vogue” // Vlast' istorii i istoriya vlasti. 2023. T. 9. № 1 (43).
Zvereva M. I. Tabu. Politkorrektnost'. Evfemizm. Sootnoshenie ponyatii // Filologiya: nauchnye issledovaniya. 2020. № 6.
Malyarchuk-Proshina U. O. K voprosu o markerakh otsenochnosti v sovremennom publitsisticheskom diskurse // Uchenye zapiski Krymskogo federal'nogo universiteta imeni V. I. Vernadskogo. Filologicheskie nauki. 2016. T. 2 (68). № 1.
Morozova O. A. Evfemizmy s gradual'noi semantikoi v sovremennom russkom yazyke: avtoref. diss. … k. filol. n. M., 2022.
Nefedova L. A. Leksicheskie sredstva manipulyativnogo vozdeistviya v povsednevnom obshchenii (na materiale sovremennogo nemetskogo yazyka): diss. … k. filol. n. M., 1997.
Semenova A. A. Professional'nyi imidzh sotrudnikov organizatsii byudzhetnoi sfery // Byulleten' nauki i praktiki. 2022. T. 8. № 4.
Skulimovskaya D. A. Implikatura, presuppozitsiya i logicheskoe sledstvie kak kognitivnye mekhanizmy interpretatsii rechevogo akta preduprezhdeniya // Vestnik Irkutskogo gosudarstvennogo lingvisticheskogo universiteta. 2013. № 3 (24).
Fomina T. A., Druzhinin A. S. Kontekstual'no obuslovlennoe nominativnoe var'irovanie na osi evfemiya/disfemiya // Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Yazyk i literatura. 2023. T. 20. Vyp. 1.
Bonacchi S. (Un)Höflichkeit. Eine kulturologische Analyse Deutsch – Italienisch – Polnisch. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang Verlag, 2013.
Brown P., Levinson St. Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.
Dąbrowska A. Eufemizmy w spółczesnego języka polskiego. Łask: Oficyna Wydawnicza Leksem, 2006.
Dachrodt H., Engelbert V. Zeugnisse richtig formulieren. Mit vielen Mustern und Analysen. Wiesbaden: Springer, 2013.
Danninger E. Tabubereiche und Euphemismen // Sprachtheorie und angewandte Linguistik. Festschrift für Alfred Wollmannzum 60. Geburtstag. Tübingen: Gunter Narr, 1982.
Goffman E. On Face-Work: An Analysis of Ritual Elements in Social Interaction // Communication in Face-to-Face Interaction / ed. by J. Laver, S. Hutcheson. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1972.
Grice H. P. Logic and Conversation // Syntax and Semantics. N. Y.: Academic Press, 1975. Vol. 3. Speech Acts / ed. by P. Cole, J. Morgan.
Huesmann M. Arbeitszeugnisse aus personalpolitischer Perspektive. Gestaltung, Einsatz und Wahrnehmungen. Wiesbaden: Gabler, 2008.
Lenk H. E. H. Praktische Textsortenlehre. Ein Lehr- und Handbuch der professionellen Textgestaltung. Helsinki: Yliopistopaino, 2006.
Pugatschjow V. Faktoren und Merkmale der Manipulation // Das groβe Lexikon Medien und Kommunikation / hrsg. von L. R. Tsvasmann. Würzburg: Ergon-Verlag, 2006.
Русский
