Word Usage of the XIX Century in the Aspect of Its Historical Dynamics (by the Example of the Diary Entries of Archpriest V. D. Kasyanov)
Kudryavceva Ekaterina Aleksandrovna
Siberian Federal University
Submitted: 04.01.2023
Abstract. The aim of the study is to describe a fragment of the word usage of the second half of the XIX century, represented in the diaries of the Krasnoyarsk archpriest V. D. Kasyanov. The article considers some words that function in the modern language, but have experienced semantic shifts over a century and a half; and conducts a comparative analysis of the meanings with which these words are found in V. D. Kasyanov, with the meanings recorded in dictionaries of the XIX century, on the one hand, and in dictionaries of the XX-XXI centuries, on the other. Some features in the nature of changes in these lexical units during the XX century are indicated. The scientific novelty of the work lies both in the attraction of new material for linguistic analysis - the diaries of one of the prominent representatives of the clergy of the second half of the XIX century, and in the focus of the study - in determining those features of the archpriest’s speech that characterize him as a native speaker of a given historical period and allow identifying the differences of usage of the XIX century from the modern speech tradition. As a result, it was found that the word usage of V. D. Kasyanov was typical of the usage of previous decades and that the historical dynamics of the considered words consists in metaphorization and narrowing of their meaning.
Key words and phrases: узус XIX века, лексическая семантика, семантические сдвиги, лексическая сочетаемость, usage of the XIX century, lexical semantics, semantic shifts, lexical compatibility
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Русский
