ACTUALIZATION OF ANIMATENESS AND GENDER CATEGORIES IN THE ENGLISH TEXT AND LOSSES WHEN TRANSLATING INTO RUSSIAN
Tokareva Ol'ga Vladimirovna
Saint Petersburg University
Abstract. The article identifies the differences between English and Russian concerning the functioning of related categories of animateness and gender, the author considers the difficulties arising when translating English texts with the actualized gender meanings into Russian. In the modern English language there is no grammatical gender, and the English authors can freely ascribe gender to a subject or phenomenon within personification technique. When the ascribed gender and grammatical gender of the Russian noun used as a translation equivalent do not coincide gender conflict occurs causing the loss of additional meaning which is illustrated by the example of translating the novel by Emma Donoghue "Room".
Key words and phrases: английский язык, русский язык, проблемы перевода, одушевленность, род, гендер, персонификация, English language, Russian language, translation problems, animateness, grammatical gender, gender, personification
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