THE BASIC ELEMENTS OF HAGIOGRAPHIES OF THE RUSSIAN STYLITES: SAINT NIKITA THE STYLITE AND SABBAS OF VISHERA (BY THE MATERIALS OF THE MANUSCRIPT DEPARTMENT OF THE RUSSIAN STATE LIBRARY)
Zinkevich Tat'yana Evgen'evna
Manuscript Department of the Russian State Library
Abstract. By the materials of the Manuscript Department of the Russian State Library the article examines the peculiarities of the theme of stylitism of the Russian hermits - Saint Nikita the Stylite and Sabbas of Vishera. The hagiography of Saint Sabbas of Vishera was written in the second half of the XV century by famous hagiographer Pachomius Logothetes, the hagiography of Saint Nikita the Stylite was written at the end of the XIV - the beginning of the XV century by an unknown author. The paper for the first time compares these works from the viewpoint of stylitism. It is shown that asceticism of these saints has typical features which distinguish them from hagiographical canon. Along with the traditional hagiographical elements their hagiographies contain their own stable literary formulas. The researcher identifies the following thematic lines of stylites’ life: blessing for stylitism, climbing the column, standing on the column, permanent wakefulness, overcoming "air pressure", continuous prayer, strict fasting, hesychastic prayer, saint’s repose. The mentioned typical elements of stylitism topos allow considering stylites as a special type of hermits in the rank of saints.
Key words and phrases: агиография, житие, топос, столпничество, канон, преподобные, прп. Никита Столпник, прп. Савва Вишерский, hagiography, topos, stylitism, canon, saints, Saint Nikita the Stylite, Saint Sabbas of Vishera
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