Abstract. The article is devoted to the research of such semantic processes of comparing objects, ideas and situations as analogy, difference, identity and similarity. The author touches upon the problem of perception of these phenomena, and its role in the decoding of meanings, analyzes the specificity of the interaction of these linguistic phenomena, identifies their distinctive properties, their subspecies and considers the peculiarities of functioning of each of these processes on the basis of the analysis of English texts.
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Key words and phrases: сопоставление, аналогия, различие, идентичность, нумерическая идентичность, квалитативная идентичность, идентификация, подобие по качеству, подобие по классификации, comparison, analogy, difference, identity, numerical identity, qualitative identity, identification, similarity in quality, similarity in classification
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